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@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ Or to quote user <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/naveen17797/" target="_bla
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Since we can't get prometheus up and running to utilize PromQL to detect the potential issues, we have to find another way to detect high cardinality.
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Therefore, we might want to get our hands dirty with some <code>kubectl exec -it -n monitoring pods/prometheus-prometheus-kube-prometheus-prometheus-0 -- sh</code>, and run the prometheus <code>tsdb</code> analysis too.</p><div class="language-bash codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#bfc7d5;--prism-background-color:#292d3e"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-bash codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">/prometheus $ promtool tsdb analyze </span><span class="token builtin class-name" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107)">.</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div><p>Which produced the result.</p><div class="language-text codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#bfc7d5;--prism-background-color:#292d3e"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-text codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Block ID: 01FT8E8YY4THHZ2S7C3G04GJMG</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Duration: 1h59m59.997s</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Series: 564171</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Label names: 285</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Postings (unique label pairs): 21139</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Postings entries (total label pairs): 6423664</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> ...</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Highest cardinality metric names:</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> 11340 haproxy_server_http_responses_total</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> ...</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div><p>We see the potential issue here, where the <code>haproxy_server_http_responses_total</code> metric is having a super-high cardinality which is growing.
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We need to deal with it, so that our prometheus instance can breathe again. In this particular case, the solution was updating the haproxy.</p><p>... or burn it, up to you.</p><p><img loading="lazy" alt="Flame Thrower" src="/assets/images/flame-thrower-56bcf89132356ff53c03ca029d9d0746.webp" width="1440" height="1080" class="img_ev3q"></p><h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="the-further-reading">The Further Reading<a href="#the-further-reading" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to The Further Reading" title="Direct link to The Further Reading"></a></h2><ol><li><a href="https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/blob/main/tsdb/docs/format/wal.md" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">WAL Definition</a></li><li><a href="https://ganeshvernekar.com/blog/prometheus-tsdb-wal-and-checkpoint/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">WAL & Checkpoints</a></li><li><a href="https://www.robustperception.io/using-tsdb-analyze-to-investigate-churn-and-cardinality" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Using TSDB</a></li><li><a href="https://www.robustperception.io/which-are-my-biggest-metrics" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Biggest Metrics</a></li><li><a href="https://www.robustperception.io/cardinality-is-key" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Cardinality</a></li></ol></div><footer class="row docusaurus-mt-lg blogPostFooterDetailsFull_mRVl"><div class="col"><b>Tags:</b><ul class="tags_jXut padding--none margin-left--sm"><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/prometheus">prometheus</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/cardinality">cardinality</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/devops">devops</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/ops">ops</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/k-8-s">k8s</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/oom">oom</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/memory">memory</a></li></ul></div><div class="col margin-top--sm"><a href="https://github.com/foomo/foomo-docs/tree/main/foomo/blog/2022-01-25-prometheus-cardinality-issues/index.mdx" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="theme-edit-this-page"><svg fill="currentColor" height="20" width="20" viewBox="0 0 40 40" class="iconEdit_Z9Sw" aria-hidden="true"><g><path d="m34.5 11.7l-3 3.1-6.3-6.3 3.1-3q0.5-0.5 1.2-0.5t1.1 0.5l3.9 3.9q0.5 0.4 0.5 1.1t-0.5 1.2z m-29.5 17.1l18.4-18.5 6.3 6.3-18.4 18.4h-6.3v-6.2z"></path></g></svg>Edit this page</a></div></footer></article><nav class="pagination-nav docusaurus-mt-lg" aria-label="Blog post page navigation"><a class="pagination-nav__link pagination-nav__link--prev" href="/blog/why-bundle-size-is-important"><div class="pagination-nav__sublabel">Newer Post</div><div class="pagination-nav__label">Why bundle size is important?</div></a><a class="pagination-nav__link pagination-nav__link--next" href="/blog/searching-for-search-engines"><div class="pagination-nav__sublabel">Older Post</div><div class="pagination-nav__label">The never ending search a search engine 2022-01 edition</div></a></nav></main><div class="col col--2"><div class="tableOfContents_bqdL thin-scrollbar"><ul class="table-of-contents table-of-contents__left-border"><li><a href="#the-annoyance" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">The Annoyance</a></li><li><a href="#the-problem" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">The Problem</a></li><li><a href="#the-source" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">The Source</a></li><li><a href="#the-solution" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">The Solution</a></li><li><a href="#the-further-reading" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">The Further Reading</a></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><footer class="footer"><div class="container container-fluid"><div class="row footer__links"><div class="col footer__col"><div class="footer__title">github</div><ul class="footer__items clean-list"><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://github.com/foomo" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">https://github.com/foomo</a></li></ul></div><div class="col footer__col"><div class="footer__title">legal</div><ul class="footer__items clean-list"><li class="footer__item"><a class="footer__link-item" href="/etc/imprint">Imprint</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="footer__bottom text--center"><div class="footer__copyright">© 2023 bestbytes</div></div></div></footer></div>
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@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ Or to quote user <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/naveen17797/" target="_bla
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Since we can't get prometheus up and running to utilize PromQL to detect the potential issues, we have to find another way to detect high cardinality.
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Therefore, we might want to get our hands dirty with some <code>kubectl exec -it -n monitoring pods/prometheus-prometheus-kube-prometheus-prometheus-0 -- sh</code>, and run the prometheus <code>tsdb</code> analysis too.</p><div class="language-bash codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#bfc7d5;--prism-background-color:#292d3e"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-bash codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">/prometheus $ promtool tsdb analyze </span><span class="token builtin class-name" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107)">.</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div><p>Which produced the result.</p><div class="language-text codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#bfc7d5;--prism-background-color:#292d3e"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-text codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Block ID: 01FT8E8YY4THHZ2S7C3G04GJMG</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Duration: 1h59m59.997s</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Series: 564171</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Label names: 285</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Postings (unique label pairs): 21139</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Postings entries (total label pairs): 6423664</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> ...</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Highest cardinality metric names:</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> 11340 haproxy_server_http_responses_total</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> ...</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div><p>We see the potential issue here, where the <code>haproxy_server_http_responses_total</code> metric is having a super-high cardinality which is growing.
|
||||
We need to deal with it, so that our prometheus instance can breathe again. In this particular case, the solution was updating the haproxy.</p><p>... or burn it, up to you.</p><p><img loading="lazy" alt="Flame Thrower" src="/assets/images/flame-thrower-56bcf89132356ff53c03ca029d9d0746.webp" width="1440" height="1080" class="img_ev3q"></p><h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="the-further-reading">The Further Reading<a href="#the-further-reading" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to The Further Reading" title="Direct link to The Further Reading"></a></h2><ol><li><a href="https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/blob/main/tsdb/docs/format/wal.md" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">WAL Definition</a></li><li><a href="https://ganeshvernekar.com/blog/prometheus-tsdb-wal-and-checkpoint/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">WAL & Checkpoints</a></li><li><a href="https://www.robustperception.io/using-tsdb-analyze-to-investigate-churn-and-cardinality" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Using TSDB</a></li><li><a href="https://www.robustperception.io/which-are-my-biggest-metrics" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Biggest Metrics</a></li><li><a href="https://www.robustperception.io/cardinality-is-key" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Cardinality</a></li></ol></div><footer class="row docusaurus-mt-lg"><div class="col"><b>Tags:</b><ul class="tags_jXut padding--none margin-left--sm"><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/prometheus">prometheus</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/cardinality">cardinality</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/devops">devops</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/ops">ops</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/k-8-s">k8s</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/oom">oom</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/memory">memory</a></li></ul></div></footer></article><nav class="pagination-nav" aria-label="Blog list page navigation"></nav></main></div></div></div><footer class="footer"><div class="container container-fluid"><div class="row footer__links"><div class="col footer__col"><div class="footer__title">github</div><ul class="footer__items clean-list"><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://github.com/foomo" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">https://github.com/foomo</a></li></ul></div><div class="col footer__col"><div class="footer__title">legal</div><ul class="footer__items clean-list"><li class="footer__item"><a class="footer__link-item" href="/etc/imprint">Imprint</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="footer__bottom text--center"><div class="footer__copyright">© 2023 bestbytes</div></div></div></footer></div>
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<link rel="preload" href="/assets/js/runtime~main.6cd37242.js" as="script">
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@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ Or to quote user <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/naveen17797/" target="_bla
|
||||
Since we can't get prometheus up and running to utilize PromQL to detect the potential issues, we have to find another way to detect high cardinality.
|
||||
Therefore, we might want to get our hands dirty with some <code>kubectl exec -it -n monitoring pods/prometheus-prometheus-kube-prometheus-prometheus-0 -- sh</code>, and run the prometheus <code>tsdb</code> analysis too.</p><div class="language-bash codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#bfc7d5;--prism-background-color:#292d3e"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-bash codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">/prometheus $ promtool tsdb analyze </span><span class="token builtin class-name" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107)">.</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div><p>Which produced the result.</p><div class="language-text codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#bfc7d5;--prism-background-color:#292d3e"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-text codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Block ID: 01FT8E8YY4THHZ2S7C3G04GJMG</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Duration: 1h59m59.997s</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Series: 564171</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Label names: 285</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Postings (unique label pairs): 21139</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Postings entries (total label pairs): 6423664</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> ...</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Highest cardinality metric names:</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> 11340 haproxy_server_http_responses_total</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> ...</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div><p>We see the potential issue here, where the <code>haproxy_server_http_responses_total</code> metric is having a super-high cardinality which is growing.
|
||||
We need to deal with it, so that our prometheus instance can breathe again. In this particular case, the solution was updating the haproxy.</p><p>... or burn it, up to you.</p><p><img loading="lazy" alt="Flame Thrower" src="/assets/images/flame-thrower-56bcf89132356ff53c03ca029d9d0746.webp" width="1440" height="1080" class="img_ev3q"></p><h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="the-further-reading">The Further Reading<a href="#the-further-reading" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to The Further Reading" title="Direct link to The Further Reading"></a></h2><ol><li><a href="https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/blob/main/tsdb/docs/format/wal.md" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">WAL Definition</a></li><li><a href="https://ganeshvernekar.com/blog/prometheus-tsdb-wal-and-checkpoint/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">WAL & Checkpoints</a></li><li><a href="https://www.robustperception.io/using-tsdb-analyze-to-investigate-churn-and-cardinality" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Using TSDB</a></li><li><a href="https://www.robustperception.io/which-are-my-biggest-metrics" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Biggest Metrics</a></li><li><a href="https://www.robustperception.io/cardinality-is-key" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Cardinality</a></li></ol></div><footer class="row docusaurus-mt-lg"><div class="col"><b>Tags:</b><ul class="tags_jXut padding--none margin-left--sm"><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/prometheus">prometheus</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/cardinality">cardinality</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/devops">devops</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/ops">ops</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/k-8-s">k8s</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/oom">oom</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/memory">memory</a></li></ul></div></footer></article><nav class="pagination-nav" aria-label="Blog list page navigation"></nav></main></div></div></div><footer class="footer"><div class="container container-fluid"><div class="row footer__links"><div class="col footer__col"><div class="footer__title">github</div><ul class="footer__items clean-list"><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://github.com/foomo" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">https://github.com/foomo</a></li></ul></div><div class="col footer__col"><div class="footer__title">legal</div><ul class="footer__items clean-list"><li class="footer__item"><a class="footer__link-item" href="/etc/imprint">Imprint</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="footer__bottom text--center"><div class="footer__copyright">© 2023 bestbytes</div></div></div></footer></div>
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<link rel="preload" href="/assets/js/runtime~main.6cd37242.js" as="script">
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@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ Or to quote user <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/naveen17797/" target="_bla
|
||||
Since we can't get prometheus up and running to utilize PromQL to detect the potential issues, we have to find another way to detect high cardinality.
|
||||
Therefore, we might want to get our hands dirty with some <code>kubectl exec -it -n monitoring pods/prometheus-prometheus-kube-prometheus-prometheus-0 -- sh</code>, and run the prometheus <code>tsdb</code> analysis too.</p><div class="language-bash codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#bfc7d5;--prism-background-color:#292d3e"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-bash codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">/prometheus $ promtool tsdb analyze </span><span class="token builtin class-name" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107)">.</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div><p>Which produced the result.</p><div class="language-text codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#bfc7d5;--prism-background-color:#292d3e"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-text codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Block ID: 01FT8E8YY4THHZ2S7C3G04GJMG</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Duration: 1h59m59.997s</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Series: 564171</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Label names: 285</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Postings (unique label pairs): 21139</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Postings entries (total label pairs): 6423664</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> ...</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Highest cardinality metric names:</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> 11340 haproxy_server_http_responses_total</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> ...</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div><p>We see the potential issue here, where the <code>haproxy_server_http_responses_total</code> metric is having a super-high cardinality which is growing.
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We need to deal with it, so that our prometheus instance can breathe again. In this particular case, the solution was updating the haproxy.</p><p>... or burn it, up to you.</p><p><img loading="lazy" alt="Flame Thrower" src="/assets/images/flame-thrower-56bcf89132356ff53c03ca029d9d0746.webp" width="1440" height="1080" class="img_ev3q"></p><h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="the-further-reading">The Further Reading<a href="#the-further-reading" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to The Further Reading" title="Direct link to The Further Reading"></a></h2><ol><li><a href="https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/blob/main/tsdb/docs/format/wal.md" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">WAL Definition</a></li><li><a href="https://ganeshvernekar.com/blog/prometheus-tsdb-wal-and-checkpoint/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">WAL & Checkpoints</a></li><li><a href="https://www.robustperception.io/using-tsdb-analyze-to-investigate-churn-and-cardinality" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Using TSDB</a></li><li><a href="https://www.robustperception.io/which-are-my-biggest-metrics" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Biggest Metrics</a></li><li><a href="https://www.robustperception.io/cardinality-is-key" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Cardinality</a></li></ol></div><footer class="row docusaurus-mt-lg"><div class="col"><b>Tags:</b><ul class="tags_jXut padding--none margin-left--sm"><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/prometheus">prometheus</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/cardinality">cardinality</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/devops">devops</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/ops">ops</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/k-8-s">k8s</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/oom">oom</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/memory">memory</a></li></ul></div></footer></article><nav class="pagination-nav" aria-label="Blog list page navigation"></nav></main></div></div></div><footer class="footer"><div class="container container-fluid"><div class="row footer__links"><div class="col footer__col"><div class="footer__title">github</div><ul class="footer__items clean-list"><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://github.com/foomo" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">https://github.com/foomo</a></li></ul></div><div class="col footer__col"><div class="footer__title">legal</div><ul class="footer__items clean-list"><li class="footer__item"><a class="footer__link-item" href="/etc/imprint">Imprint</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="footer__bottom text--center"><div class="footer__copyright">© 2023 bestbytes</div></div></div></footer></div>
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@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
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<link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" title="foomo project docs" href="/opensearch.xml"><link rel="stylesheet" href="/assets/css/styles.0fcbef5a.css">
|
||||
<link rel="preload" href="/assets/js/runtime~main.6cd37242.js" as="script">
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@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ Or to quote user <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/naveen17797/" target="_bla
|
||||
Since we can't get prometheus up and running to utilize PromQL to detect the potential issues, we have to find another way to detect high cardinality.
|
||||
Therefore, we might want to get our hands dirty with some <code>kubectl exec -it -n monitoring pods/prometheus-prometheus-kube-prometheus-prometheus-0 -- sh</code>, and run the prometheus <code>tsdb</code> analysis too.</p><div class="language-bash codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#bfc7d5;--prism-background-color:#292d3e"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-bash codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">/prometheus $ promtool tsdb analyze </span><span class="token builtin class-name" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107)">.</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div><p>Which produced the result.</p><div class="language-text codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#bfc7d5;--prism-background-color:#292d3e"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-text codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Block ID: 01FT8E8YY4THHZ2S7C3G04GJMG</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Duration: 1h59m59.997s</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Series: 564171</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Label names: 285</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Postings (unique label pairs): 21139</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Postings entries (total label pairs): 6423664</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> ...</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Highest cardinality metric names:</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> 11340 haproxy_server_http_responses_total</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> ...</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div><p>We see the potential issue here, where the <code>haproxy_server_http_responses_total</code> metric is having a super-high cardinality which is growing.
|
||||
We need to deal with it, so that our prometheus instance can breathe again. In this particular case, the solution was updating the haproxy.</p><p>... or burn it, up to you.</p><p><img loading="lazy" alt="Flame Thrower" src="/assets/images/flame-thrower-56bcf89132356ff53c03ca029d9d0746.webp" width="1440" height="1080" class="img_ev3q"></p><h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="the-further-reading">The Further Reading<a href="#the-further-reading" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to The Further Reading" title="Direct link to The Further Reading"></a></h2><ol><li><a href="https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/blob/main/tsdb/docs/format/wal.md" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">WAL Definition</a></li><li><a href="https://ganeshvernekar.com/blog/prometheus-tsdb-wal-and-checkpoint/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">WAL & Checkpoints</a></li><li><a href="https://www.robustperception.io/using-tsdb-analyze-to-investigate-churn-and-cardinality" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Using TSDB</a></li><li><a href="https://www.robustperception.io/which-are-my-biggest-metrics" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Biggest Metrics</a></li><li><a href="https://www.robustperception.io/cardinality-is-key" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Cardinality</a></li></ol></div><footer class="row docusaurus-mt-lg"><div class="col"><b>Tags:</b><ul class="tags_jXut padding--none margin-left--sm"><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/prometheus">prometheus</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/cardinality">cardinality</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/devops">devops</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/ops">ops</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/k-8-s">k8s</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/oom">oom</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/memory">memory</a></li></ul></div></footer></article><nav class="pagination-nav" aria-label="Blog list page navigation"></nav></main></div></div></div><footer class="footer"><div class="container container-fluid"><div class="row footer__links"><div class="col footer__col"><div class="footer__title">github</div><ul class="footer__items clean-list"><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://github.com/foomo" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">https://github.com/foomo</a></li></ul></div><div class="col footer__col"><div class="footer__title">legal</div><ul class="footer__items clean-list"><li class="footer__item"><a class="footer__link-item" href="/etc/imprint">Imprint</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="footer__bottom text--center"><div class="footer__copyright">© 2023 bestbytes</div></div></div></footer></div>
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<script src="/assets/js/runtime~main.6cd37242.js"></script>
|
||||
<script src="/assets/js/runtime~main.3bb693a9.js"></script>
|
||||
<script src="/assets/js/main.e699e220.js"></script>
|
||||
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|
||||
</html>
|
||||
@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" title="foomo project docs" href="/opensearch.xml"><link rel="stylesheet" href="/assets/css/styles.0fcbef5a.css">
|
||||
<link rel="preload" href="/assets/js/runtime~main.6cd37242.js" as="script">
|
||||
<link rel="preload" href="/assets/js/runtime~main.3bb693a9.js" as="script">
|
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<link rel="preload" href="/assets/js/main.e699e220.js" as="script">
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body class="navigation-with-keyboard">
|
||||
@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ Or to quote user <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/naveen17797/" target="_bla
|
||||
Since we can't get prometheus up and running to utilize PromQL to detect the potential issues, we have to find another way to detect high cardinality.
|
||||
Therefore, we might want to get our hands dirty with some <code>kubectl exec -it -n monitoring pods/prometheus-prometheus-kube-prometheus-prometheus-0 -- sh</code>, and run the prometheus <code>tsdb</code> analysis too.</p><div class="language-bash codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#bfc7d5;--prism-background-color:#292d3e"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-bash codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">/prometheus $ promtool tsdb analyze </span><span class="token builtin class-name" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107)">.</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div><p>Which produced the result.</p><div class="language-text codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#bfc7d5;--prism-background-color:#292d3e"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-text codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Block ID: 01FT8E8YY4THHZ2S7C3G04GJMG</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Duration: 1h59m59.997s</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Series: 564171</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Label names: 285</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Postings (unique label pairs): 21139</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Postings entries (total label pairs): 6423664</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> ...</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Highest cardinality metric names:</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> 11340 haproxy_server_http_responses_total</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> ...</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div><p>We see the potential issue here, where the <code>haproxy_server_http_responses_total</code> metric is having a super-high cardinality which is growing.
|
||||
We need to deal with it, so that our prometheus instance can breathe again. In this particular case, the solution was updating the haproxy.</p><p>... or burn it, up to you.</p><p><img loading="lazy" alt="Flame Thrower" src="/assets/images/flame-thrower-56bcf89132356ff53c03ca029d9d0746.webp" width="1440" height="1080" class="img_ev3q"></p><h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="the-further-reading">The Further Reading<a href="#the-further-reading" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to The Further Reading" title="Direct link to The Further Reading"></a></h2><ol><li><a href="https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/blob/main/tsdb/docs/format/wal.md" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">WAL Definition</a></li><li><a href="https://ganeshvernekar.com/blog/prometheus-tsdb-wal-and-checkpoint/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">WAL & Checkpoints</a></li><li><a href="https://www.robustperception.io/using-tsdb-analyze-to-investigate-churn-and-cardinality" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Using TSDB</a></li><li><a href="https://www.robustperception.io/which-are-my-biggest-metrics" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Biggest Metrics</a></li><li><a href="https://www.robustperception.io/cardinality-is-key" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Cardinality</a></li></ol></div><footer class="row docusaurus-mt-lg"><div class="col"><b>Tags:</b><ul class="tags_jXut padding--none margin-left--sm"><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/prometheus">prometheus</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/cardinality">cardinality</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/devops">devops</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/ops">ops</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/k-8-s">k8s</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/oom">oom</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/memory">memory</a></li></ul></div></footer></article><nav class="pagination-nav" aria-label="Blog list page navigation"></nav></main></div></div></div><footer class="footer"><div class="container container-fluid"><div class="row footer__links"><div class="col footer__col"><div class="footer__title">github</div><ul class="footer__items clean-list"><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://github.com/foomo" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">https://github.com/foomo</a></li></ul></div><div class="col footer__col"><div class="footer__title">legal</div><ul class="footer__items clean-list"><li class="footer__item"><a class="footer__link-item" href="/etc/imprint">Imprint</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="footer__bottom text--center"><div class="footer__copyright">© 2023 bestbytes</div></div></div></footer></div>
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||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
<script src="/assets/js/main.e699e220.js"></script>
|
||||
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|
||||
</html>
|
||||
@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" title="foomo project docs" href="/opensearch.xml"><link rel="stylesheet" href="/assets/css/styles.0fcbef5a.css">
|
||||
<link rel="preload" href="/assets/js/runtime~main.6cd37242.js" as="script">
|
||||
<link rel="preload" href="/assets/js/runtime~main.3bb693a9.js" as="script">
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<link rel="preload" href="/assets/js/main.e699e220.js" as="script">
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body class="navigation-with-keyboard">
|
||||
@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ Or to quote user <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/naveen17797/" target="_bla
|
||||
Since we can't get prometheus up and running to utilize PromQL to detect the potential issues, we have to find another way to detect high cardinality.
|
||||
Therefore, we might want to get our hands dirty with some <code>kubectl exec -it -n monitoring pods/prometheus-prometheus-kube-prometheus-prometheus-0 -- sh</code>, and run the prometheus <code>tsdb</code> analysis too.</p><div class="language-bash codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#bfc7d5;--prism-background-color:#292d3e"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-bash codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">/prometheus $ promtool tsdb analyze </span><span class="token builtin class-name" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107)">.</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div><p>Which produced the result.</p><div class="language-text codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#bfc7d5;--prism-background-color:#292d3e"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-text codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Block ID: 01FT8E8YY4THHZ2S7C3G04GJMG</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Duration: 1h59m59.997s</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Series: 564171</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Label names: 285</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Postings (unique label pairs): 21139</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Postings entries (total label pairs): 6423664</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> ...</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Highest cardinality metric names:</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> 11340 haproxy_server_http_responses_total</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> ...</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div><p>We see the potential issue here, where the <code>haproxy_server_http_responses_total</code> metric is having a super-high cardinality which is growing.
|
||||
We need to deal with it, so that our prometheus instance can breathe again. In this particular case, the solution was updating the haproxy.</p><p>... or burn it, up to you.</p><p><img loading="lazy" alt="Flame Thrower" src="/assets/images/flame-thrower-56bcf89132356ff53c03ca029d9d0746.webp" width="1440" height="1080" class="img_ev3q"></p><h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="the-further-reading">The Further Reading<a href="#the-further-reading" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to The Further Reading" title="Direct link to The Further Reading"></a></h2><ol><li><a href="https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/blob/main/tsdb/docs/format/wal.md" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">WAL Definition</a></li><li><a href="https://ganeshvernekar.com/blog/prometheus-tsdb-wal-and-checkpoint/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">WAL & Checkpoints</a></li><li><a href="https://www.robustperception.io/using-tsdb-analyze-to-investigate-churn-and-cardinality" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Using TSDB</a></li><li><a href="https://www.robustperception.io/which-are-my-biggest-metrics" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Biggest Metrics</a></li><li><a href="https://www.robustperception.io/cardinality-is-key" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Cardinality</a></li></ol></div><footer class="row docusaurus-mt-lg"><div class="col"><b>Tags:</b><ul class="tags_jXut padding--none margin-left--sm"><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/prometheus">prometheus</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/cardinality">cardinality</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/devops">devops</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/ops">ops</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/k-8-s">k8s</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/oom">oom</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/memory">memory</a></li></ul></div></footer></article><nav class="pagination-nav" aria-label="Blog list page navigation"></nav></main></div></div></div><footer class="footer"><div class="container container-fluid"><div class="row footer__links"><div class="col footer__col"><div class="footer__title">github</div><ul class="footer__items clean-list"><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://github.com/foomo" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">https://github.com/foomo</a></li></ul></div><div class="col footer__col"><div class="footer__title">legal</div><ul class="footer__items clean-list"><li class="footer__item"><a class="footer__link-item" href="/etc/imprint">Imprint</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="footer__bottom text--center"><div class="footer__copyright">© 2023 bestbytes</div></div></div></footer></div>
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@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ Or to quote user <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/naveen17797/" target="_bla
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Since we can't get prometheus up and running to utilize PromQL to detect the potential issues, we have to find another way to detect high cardinality.
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Therefore, we might want to get our hands dirty with some <code>kubectl exec -it -n monitoring pods/prometheus-prometheus-kube-prometheus-prometheus-0 -- sh</code>, and run the prometheus <code>tsdb</code> analysis too.</p><div class="language-bash codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#bfc7d5;--prism-background-color:#292d3e"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-bash codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">/prometheus $ promtool tsdb analyze </span><span class="token builtin class-name" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107)">.</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div><p>Which produced the result.</p><div class="language-text codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#bfc7d5;--prism-background-color:#292d3e"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-text codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Block ID: 01FT8E8YY4THHZ2S7C3G04GJMG</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Duration: 1h59m59.997s</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Series: 564171</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Label names: 285</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Postings (unique label pairs): 21139</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Postings entries (total label pairs): 6423664</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> ...</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> Highest cardinality metric names:</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> 11340 haproxy_server_http_responses_total</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain">> ...</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div><p>We see the potential issue here, where the <code>haproxy_server_http_responses_total</code> metric is having a super-high cardinality which is growing.
|
||||
We need to deal with it, so that our prometheus instance can breathe again. In this particular case, the solution was updating the haproxy.</p><p>... or burn it, up to you.</p><p><img loading="lazy" alt="Flame Thrower" src="/assets/images/flame-thrower-56bcf89132356ff53c03ca029d9d0746.webp" width="1440" height="1080" class="img_ev3q"></p><h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="the-further-reading">The Further Reading<a href="#the-further-reading" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to The Further Reading" title="Direct link to The Further Reading"></a></h2><ol><li><a href="https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/blob/main/tsdb/docs/format/wal.md" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">WAL Definition</a></li><li><a href="https://ganeshvernekar.com/blog/prometheus-tsdb-wal-and-checkpoint/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">WAL & Checkpoints</a></li><li><a href="https://www.robustperception.io/using-tsdb-analyze-to-investigate-churn-and-cardinality" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Using TSDB</a></li><li><a href="https://www.robustperception.io/which-are-my-biggest-metrics" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Biggest Metrics</a></li><li><a href="https://www.robustperception.io/cardinality-is-key" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Cardinality</a></li></ol></div><footer class="row docusaurus-mt-lg"><div class="col"><b>Tags:</b><ul class="tags_jXut padding--none margin-left--sm"><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/prometheus">prometheus</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/cardinality">cardinality</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/devops">devops</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/ops">ops</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/k-8-s">k8s</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/oom">oom</a></li><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/blog/tags/memory">memory</a></li></ul></div></footer></article><nav class="pagination-nav" aria-label="Blog list page navigation"></nav></main></div></div></div><footer class="footer"><div class="container container-fluid"><div class="row footer__links"><div class="col footer__col"><div class="footer__title">github</div><ul class="footer__items clean-list"><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://github.com/foomo" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">https://github.com/foomo</a></li></ul></div><div class="col footer__col"><div class="footer__title">legal</div><ul class="footer__items clean-list"><li class="footer__item"><a class="footer__link-item" href="/etc/imprint">Imprint</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="footer__bottom text--center"><div class="footer__copyright">© 2023 bestbytes</div></div></div></footer></div>
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@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ go into a waiting state once it has sent the data, until this data is read by th
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So until the data is read of the channel this go routine is blocked. </p><h3 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="buffered-channels">Buffered Channels<a href="#buffered-channels" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to Buffered Channels" title="Direct link to Buffered Channels"></a></h3><p>You can set a limit on the capacity of a channel by passing the limit to the make function:</p><div class="language-go codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#bfc7d5;--prism-background-color:#292d3e"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-go codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">func</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(130, 170, 255)">main</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">)</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain"> myChannel </span><span class="token operator" style="color:rgb(137, 221, 255)">:=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(130, 170, 255)">make</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">(</span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">chan</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token builtin" style="color:rgb(130, 170, 255)">string</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style="color:rgb(247, 140, 108)">5</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">}</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div><p>To demonstrate how an unbuffered channel only allows for synchronous communication consider the following example:</p><div style="padding-bottom:1rem;width:100%"><button class="button button--primary">open playground</button> <a href="https://goplay.tools/snippet/0Vm7FZuDWqs" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">go to <!-- -->https://goplay.tools/snippet/0Vm7FZuDWqs</a></div><pre class="prism-code language-go" style="background-color:#2a2734;color:#9a86fd">... loading sources<div class="token-line" style="color:#9a86fd"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block">
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</span></div></pre><div style="display:none"><div><button class="button button--lg button--secondary">load external go playground, with all it´s potentially evil cookies coming from https://goplay.tools</button></div></div><p>You see that even though we made both go routines wait when the channel was read, the go routine using the buffered channel printed out all of the statements at once.
|
||||
And the go routine using the unbuffered channel had to wait each time until the channel was read out to be able to continue singing the greatest song of all time.</p></div><footer class="theme-doc-footer docusaurus-mt-lg"><div class="theme-doc-footer-edit-meta-row row"><div class="col"><a href="https://github.com/foomo/foomo-docs/tree/main/foomo/docs/backend/go-by-example/goroutines-and-channels.mdx" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="theme-edit-this-page"><svg fill="currentColor" height="20" width="20" viewBox="0 0 40 40" class="iconEdit_Z9Sw" aria-hidden="true"><g><path d="m34.5 11.7l-3 3.1-6.3-6.3 3.1-3q0.5-0.5 1.2-0.5t1.1 0.5l3.9 3.9q0.5 0.4 0.5 1.1t-0.5 1.2z m-29.5 17.1l18.4-18.5 6.3 6.3-18.4 18.4h-6.3v-6.2z"></path></g></svg>Edit this page</a></div><div class="col lastUpdated_vwxv"></div></div></footer></article><nav class="pagination-nav docusaurus-mt-lg" aria-label="Docs pages navigation"><a class="pagination-nav__link pagination-nav__link--prev" href="/docs/backend/go-by-example/files"><div class="pagination-nav__sublabel">Previous</div><div class="pagination-nav__label">Files</div></a><a class="pagination-nav__link pagination-nav__link--next" href="/docs/backend/go-by-example/http"><div class="pagination-nav__sublabel">Next</div><div class="pagination-nav__label">HTTP Client and Server</div></a></nav></div></div><div class="col col--3"><div class="tableOfContents_bqdL thin-scrollbar theme-doc-toc-desktop"><ul class="table-of-contents table-of-contents__left-border"><li><a href="#go-routines" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">Go Routines</a></li><li><a href="#channels" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">Channels</a><ul><li><a href="#unbuffered-channels" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">Unbuffered Channels</a></li><li><a href="#buffered-channels" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">Buffered Channels</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div></main></div></div><footer class="footer"><div class="container container-fluid"><div class="row footer__links"><div class="col footer__col"><div class="footer__title">github</div><ul class="footer__items clean-list"><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://github.com/foomo" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">https://github.com/foomo</a></li></ul></div><div class="col footer__col"><div class="footer__title">legal</div><ul class="footer__items clean-list"><li class="footer__item"><a class="footer__link-item" href="/etc/imprint">Imprint</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="footer__bottom text--center"><div class="footer__copyright">© 2023 bestbytes</div></div></div></footer></div>
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@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ without a problem to the other. Map1 is a <em>nil map</em>, because it has not b
|
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with the make statement you can add elements to this map later on in your program. Nil maps could for example be used for structs that have optional data. In that case
|
||||
we don't want to allocate them every time, only when the data is present. </p><br><p>While you can not add elements to a nil map, read operations work just fine. Try it out yourself in the following example:</p><div style="padding-bottom:1rem;width:100%"><button class="button button--primary">open playground</button> <a href="https://goplay.tools/snippet/Alpsx5uHXCS" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">go to <!-- -->https://goplay.tools/snippet/Alpsx5uHXCS</a></div><pre class="prism-code language-go" style="background-color:#2a2734;color:#9a86fd">... loading sources<div class="token-line" style="color:#9a86fd"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block">
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@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
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<link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" title="foomo project docs" href="/opensearch.xml"><link rel="stylesheet" href="/assets/css/styles.0fcbef5a.css">
|
||||
<link rel="preload" href="/assets/js/runtime~main.6cd37242.js" as="script">
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<link rel="preload" href="/assets/js/runtime~main.3bb693a9.js" as="script">
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@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
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So the order of execution is: Execute called function, then execute defer statements, and in case of a panic program execution will stop.
|
||||
So even if your application will panic defer statements are handled and therefore resources will be closed accordingly.</p><h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="panic-and-recover-1">Panic and Recover<a href="#panic-and-recover-1" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to Panic and Recover" title="Direct link to Panic and Recover"></a></h2><p>Try out the following example: </p><div style="padding-bottom:1rem;width:100%"><button class="button button--primary">open playground</button> <a href="https://goplay.tools/snippet/BN8Boz9LRVX" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">go to <!-- -->https://goplay.tools/snippet/BN8Boz9LRVX</a></div><pre class="prism-code language-go" style="background-color:#2a2734;color:#9a86fd">... loading sources<div class="token-line" style="color:#9a86fd"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block">
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||||
</span></div></pre><div style="display:none"><div><button class="button button--lg button--secondary">load external go playground, with all it´s potentially evil cookies coming from https://goplay.tools</button></div></div>The function that panics will stop because it can no longer function so we don't see 'Is this printed?' printed. The recover function makes it possible to obtain the error in case a panic occurred, and leaves the decision how to proceed to the programmer. In this example, we decided to just log the error and continue to run. The function that panicked will stop execution at the panic, but the code that called it will continue to execute, which is why we see 'End' being printed.</div><footer class="theme-doc-footer docusaurus-mt-lg"><div class="theme-doc-footer-tags-row row margin-bottom--sm"><div class="col"><b>Tags:</b><ul class="tags_jXut padding--none margin-left--sm"><li class="tag_QGVx"><a class="tag_zVej tagRegular_sFm0" href="/docs/tags/go-basics">Go Basics</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="theme-doc-footer-edit-meta-row row"><div class="col"><a href="https://github.com/foomo/foomo-docs/tree/main/foomo/docs/backend/go-by-example/panic-and-recover.mdx" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="theme-edit-this-page"><svg fill="currentColor" height="20" width="20" viewBox="0 0 40 40" class="iconEdit_Z9Sw" aria-hidden="true"><g><path d="m34.5 11.7l-3 3.1-6.3-6.3 3.1-3q0.5-0.5 1.2-0.5t1.1 0.5l3.9 3.9q0.5 0.4 0.5 1.1t-0.5 1.2z m-29.5 17.1l18.4-18.5 6.3 6.3-18.4 18.4h-6.3v-6.2z"></path></g></svg>Edit this page</a></div><div class="col lastUpdated_vwxv"></div></div></footer></article><nav class="pagination-nav docusaurus-mt-lg" aria-label="Docs pages navigation"><a class="pagination-nav__link pagination-nav__link--prev" href="/docs/backend/go-by-example/defer"><div class="pagination-nav__sublabel">Previous</div><div class="pagination-nav__label">Defer</div></a><a class="pagination-nav__link pagination-nav__link--next" href="/docs/backend/go-by-example/nil-maps"><div class="pagination-nav__sublabel">Next</div><div class="pagination-nav__label">Maps</div></a></nav></div></div><div class="col col--3"><div class="tableOfContents_bqdL thin-scrollbar theme-doc-toc-desktop"><ul class="table-of-contents table-of-contents__left-border"><li><a href="#panic" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">Panic</a></li><li><a href="#panic-and-defer" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">Panic and Defer</a></li><li><a href="#panic-and-recover-1" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">Panic and Recover</a></li></ul></div></div></div></div></main></div></div><footer class="footer"><div class="container container-fluid"><div class="row footer__links"><div class="col footer__col"><div class="footer__title">github</div><ul class="footer__items clean-list"><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://github.com/foomo" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">https://github.com/foomo</a></li></ul></div><div class="col footer__col"><div class="footer__title">legal</div><ul class="footer__items clean-list"><li class="footer__item"><a class="footer__link-item" href="/etc/imprint">Imprint</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="footer__bottom text--center"><div class="footer__copyright">© 2023 bestbytes</div></div></div></footer></div>
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<link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" title="foomo project docs" href="/opensearch.xml"><link rel="stylesheet" href="/assets/css/styles.0fcbef5a.css">
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<link rel="preload" href="/assets/js/runtime~main.6cd37242.js" as="script">
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<link rel="preload" href="/assets/js/runtime~main.3bb693a9.js" as="script">
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@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ of entries (in the order of less than some hundreds) and do that at significant
|
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(e.g. every hour). In this case your application code can be simpler and there won't be any
|
||||
performance penalty. The other case is when you need to run a lot of custom queries or
|
||||
use XPath, which is currently not supported by gocontentful directly.</p></div><footer class="theme-doc-footer docusaurus-mt-lg"><div class="theme-doc-footer-edit-meta-row row"><div class="col"><a href="https://github.com/foomo/foomo-docs/tree/main/foomo/docs/projects/cms/gocontentful/05-caching.md" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="theme-edit-this-page"><svg fill="currentColor" height="20" width="20" viewBox="0 0 40 40" class="iconEdit_Z9Sw" aria-hidden="true"><g><path d="m34.5 11.7l-3 3.1-6.3-6.3 3.1-3q0.5-0.5 1.2-0.5t1.1 0.5l3.9 3.9q0.5 0.4 0.5 1.1t-0.5 1.2z m-29.5 17.1l18.4-18.5 6.3 6.3-18.4 18.4h-6.3v-6.2z"></path></g></svg>Edit this page</a></div><div class="col lastUpdated_vwxv"></div></div></footer></article><nav class="pagination-nav docusaurus-mt-lg" aria-label="Docs pages navigation"><a class="pagination-nav__link pagination-nav__link--prev" href="/docs/projects/cms/gocontentful/working-with-gocontentful-api"><div class="pagination-nav__sublabel">Previous</div><div class="pagination-nav__label">Working with the Gocontentful API</div></a><a class="pagination-nav__link pagination-nav__link--next" href="/docs/projects/cms/gocontentful/api-reference"><div class="pagination-nav__sublabel">Next</div><div class="pagination-nav__label">API Reference</div></a></nav></div></div><div class="col col--3"><div class="tableOfContents_bqdL thin-scrollbar theme-doc-toc-desktop"><ul class="table-of-contents table-of-contents__left-border"><li><a href="#cache-timeout" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">Cache timeout</a></li><li><a href="#asset-caching" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">Asset caching</a></li><li><a href="#when-to-use-and-not-use-caching" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">When to use and not use caching</a></li></ul></div></div></div></div></main></div></div><footer class="footer"><div class="container container-fluid"><div class="row footer__links"><div class="col footer__col"><div class="footer__title">github</div><ul class="footer__items clean-list"><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://github.com/foomo" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">https://github.com/foomo</a></li></ul></div><div class="col footer__col"><div class="footer__title">legal</div><ul class="footer__items clean-list"><li class="footer__item"><a class="footer__link-item" href="/etc/imprint">Imprint</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="footer__bottom text--center"><div class="footer__copyright">© 2023 bestbytes</div></div></div></footer></div>
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