diff --git a/types/three/index.d.ts b/types/three/index.d.ts
index e553853293..50450fd793 100644
--- a/types/three/index.d.ts
+++ b/types/three/index.d.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// Type definitions for three.js 0.89
+// Type definitions for three.js 0.91
 // Project: https://threejs.org
 // Definitions by: Kon <http://phyzkit.net/>, Satoru Kimura <https://github.com/gyohk>, Florent Poujol <https://github.com/florentpoujol>, SereznoKot <https://github.com/SereznoKot>, HouChunlei <https://github.com/omni360>, Ivo <https://github.com/ivoisbelongtous>, David Asmuth <https://github.com/piranha771>, Brandon Roberge, Qinsi ZHU <https://github.com/qszhusightp>, Toshiya Nakakura <https://github.com/nakakura>, Poul Kjeldager Sørensen <https://github.com/s093294>, Stefan Profanter <https://github.com/Pro>, Edmund Fokschaner <https://github.com/efokschaner>, Roelof Jooste <https://github.com/PsychoSTS>, Daniel Hritzkiv <https://github.com/dhritzkiv>, Apurva Ojas <https://github.com/apurvaojas>
 // Definitions: https://github.com//DefinitelyTyped
diff --git a/types/three/test/math/test_unit_math.ts b/types/three/test/math/test_unit_math.ts
index 4a8e0a8c14..d49a60632c 100644
--- a/types/three/test/math/test_unit_math.ts
+++ b/types/three/test/math/test_unit_math.ts
@@ -91,57 +91,62 @@ declare function equal<T>(a: T, b: T, desc?: string): void;
 
     test( "center", function() {
         var a = new THREE.Box2( zero2.clone(), zero2.clone() );
+        var center = new THREE.Vector2();
 
-        ok( a.getCenter().equals( zero2 ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getCenter(center).equals( zero2 ), "Passed!" );
 
         a = new THREE.Box2( zero2, one2 );
         var midpoint = one2.clone().multiplyScalar( 0.5 );
-        ok( a.getCenter().equals( midpoint ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getCenter(center).equals( midpoint ), "Passed!" );
     });
 
     test( "size", function() {
         var a = new THREE.Box2( zero2.clone(), zero2.clone() );
+        var size = new THREE.Vector2();
 
-        ok( a.getSize().equals( zero2 ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getSize(size).equals( zero2 ), "Passed!" );
 
         a = new THREE.Box2( zero2.clone(), one2.clone() );
-        ok( a.getSize().equals( one2 ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getSize(size).equals( one2 ), "Passed!" );
     });
 
     test( "expandByPoint", function() {
         var a = new THREE.Box2( zero2.clone(), zero2.clone() );
+        var size = new THREE.Vector2();
 
         a.expandByPoint( zero2 );
-        ok( a.getSize().equals( zero2 ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getSize(size).equals( zero2 ), "Passed!" );
 
         a.expandByPoint( one2 );
-        ok( a.getSize().equals( one2 ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getSize(size).equals( one2 ), "Passed!" );
 
         a.expandByPoint( one2.clone().negate() );
-        ok( a.getSize().equals( one2.clone().multiplyScalar( 2 ) ), "Passed!" );
-        ok( a.getCenter().equals( zero2 ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getSize(size).equals( one2.clone().multiplyScalar( 2 ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getCenter(new THREE.Vector2()).equals( zero2 ), "Passed!" );
     });
 
     test( "expandByVector", function() {
         var a = new THREE.Box2( zero2.clone(), zero2.clone() );
+        var size = new THREE.Vector2();
 
         a.expandByVector( zero2 );
-        ok( a.getSize().equals( zero2 ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getSize(size).equals( zero2 ), "Passed!" );
 
         a.expandByVector( one2 );
-        ok( a.getSize().equals( one2.clone().multiplyScalar( 2 ) ), "Passed!" );
-        ok( a.getCenter().equals( zero2 ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getSize(size).equals( one2.clone().multiplyScalar( 2 ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getCenter(new THREE.Vector2()).equals( zero2 ), "Passed!" );
     });
 
     test( "expandByScalar", function() {
         var a = new THREE.Box2( zero2.clone(), zero2.clone() );
+        var size = new THREE.Vector2();
 
         a.expandByScalar( 0 );
-        ok( a.getSize().equals( zero2 ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getSize(size).equals( zero2 ), "Passed!" );
 
         a.expandByScalar( 1 );
-        ok( a.getSize().equals( one2.clone().multiplyScalar( 2 ) ), "Passed!" );
-        ok( a.getCenter().equals( zero2 ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getSize(size).equals( one2.clone().multiplyScalar( 2 ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getCenter(new THREE.Vector2()).equals( zero2 ), "Passed!" );
     });
 
     test( "containsPoint", function() {
@@ -185,16 +190,17 @@ declare function equal<T>(a: T, b: T, desc?: string): void;
     test( "clampPoint", function() {
         var a = new THREE.Box2( zero2.clone(), zero2.clone() );
         var b = new THREE.Box2( one2.clone().negate(), one2.clone() );
+        var target = new THREE.Vector2();
 
-        ok( a.clampPoint( new THREE.Vector2( 0, 0 ) ).equals( new THREE.Vector2( 0, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
-        ok( a.clampPoint( new THREE.Vector2( 1, 1 ) ).equals( new THREE.Vector2( 0, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
-        ok( a.clampPoint( new THREE.Vector2( -1, -1 ) ).equals( new THREE.Vector2( 0, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.clampPoint( new THREE.Vector2( 0, 0 ), target ).equals( new THREE.Vector2( 0, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.clampPoint( new THREE.Vector2( 1, 1 ), target ).equals( new THREE.Vector2( 0, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.clampPoint( new THREE.Vector2( -1, -1 ), target ).equals( new THREE.Vector2( 0, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
 
-        ok( b.clampPoint( new THREE.Vector2( 2, 2 ) ).equals( new THREE.Vector2( 1, 1 ) ), "Passed!" );
-        ok( b.clampPoint( new THREE.Vector2( 1, 1 ) ).equals( new THREE.Vector2( 1, 1 ) ), "Passed!" );
-        ok( b.clampPoint( new THREE.Vector2( 0, 0 ) ).equals( new THREE.Vector2( 0, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
-        ok( b.clampPoint( new THREE.Vector2( -1, -1 ) ).equals( new THREE.Vector2( -1, -1 ) ), "Passed!" );
-        ok( b.clampPoint( new THREE.Vector2( -2, -2 ) ).equals( new THREE.Vector2( -1, -1 ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( b.clampPoint( new THREE.Vector2( 2, 2 ), target ).equals( new THREE.Vector2( 1, 1 ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( b.clampPoint( new THREE.Vector2( 1, 1 ), target ).equals( new THREE.Vector2( 1, 1 ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( b.clampPoint( new THREE.Vector2( 0, 0 ), target ).equals( new THREE.Vector2( 0, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( b.clampPoint( new THREE.Vector2( -1, -1 ), target ).equals( new THREE.Vector2( -1, -1 ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( b.clampPoint( new THREE.Vector2( -2, -2 ), target ).equals( new THREE.Vector2( -1, -1 ) ), "Passed!" );
     });
 
     test( "distanceToPoint", function() {
@@ -332,57 +338,62 @@ declare function equal<T>(a: T, b: T, desc?: string): void;
 
     test( "center", function() {
         var a = new THREE.Box3( zero3.clone(), zero3.clone() );
+        var center = new THREE.Vector3();
 
-        ok( a.getCenter().equals( zero3 ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getCenter(center).equals( zero3 ), "Passed!" );
 
         a = new THREE.Box3( zero3.clone(), one3.clone() );
         var midpoint = one3.clone().multiplyScalar( 0.5 );
-        ok( a.getCenter().equals( midpoint ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getCenter(center).equals( midpoint ), "Passed!" );
     });
 
     test( "size", function() {
         var a = new THREE.Box3( zero3.clone(), zero3.clone() );
+        var size = new THREE.Vector3();
 
-        ok( a.getSize().equals( zero3 ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getSize(size).equals( zero3 ), "Passed!" );
 
         a = new THREE.Box3( zero3.clone(), one3.clone() );
-        ok( a.getSize().equals( one3 ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getSize(size).equals( one3 ), "Passed!" );
     });
 
     test( "expandByPoint", function() {
         var a = new THREE.Box3( zero3.clone(), zero3.clone() );
+        var size = new THREE.Vector3();
 
         a.expandByPoint( zero3 );
-        ok( a.getSize().equals( zero3 ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getSize(size).equals( zero3 ), "Passed!" );
 
         a.expandByPoint( one3 );
-        ok( a.getSize().equals( one3 ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getSize(size).equals( one3 ), "Passed!" );
 
         a.expandByPoint( one3.clone().negate() );
-        ok( a.getSize().equals( one3.clone().multiplyScalar( 2 ) ), "Passed!" );
-        ok( a.getCenter().equals( zero3 ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getSize(size).equals( one3.clone().multiplyScalar( 2 ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getCenter(new THREE.Vector3()).equals( zero3 ), "Passed!" );
     });
 
     test( "expandByVector", function() {
         var a = new THREE.Box3( zero3.clone(), zero3.clone() );
+        var size = new THREE.Vector3();
 
         a.expandByVector( zero3 );
-        ok( a.getSize().equals( zero3 ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getSize(size).equals( zero3 ), "Passed!" );
 
         a.expandByVector( one3 );
-        ok( a.getSize().equals( one3.clone().multiplyScalar( 2 ) ), "Passed!" );
-        ok( a.getCenter().equals( zero3 ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getSize(size).equals( one3.clone().multiplyScalar( 2 ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getCenter(new THREE.Vector3()).equals( zero3 ), "Passed!" );
     });
 
     test( "expandByScalar", function() {
         var a = new THREE.Box3( zero3.clone(), zero3.clone() );
+        var size = new THREE.Vector3();
 
         a.expandByScalar( 0 );
-        ok( a.getSize().equals( zero3 ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getSize(size).equals( zero3 ), "Passed!" );
 
         a.expandByScalar( 1 );
-        ok( a.getSize().equals( one3.clone().multiplyScalar( 2 ) ), "Passed!" );
-        ok( a.getCenter().equals( zero3 ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getSize(size).equals( one3.clone().multiplyScalar( 2 ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getCenter(new THREE.Vector3()).equals( zero3 ), "Passed!" );
     });
 
     test( "containsPoint", function() {
@@ -426,16 +437,17 @@ declare function equal<T>(a: T, b: T, desc?: string): void;
     test( "clampPoint", function() {
         var a = new THREE.Box3( zero3.clone(), zero3.clone() );
         var b = new THREE.Box3( one3.clone().negate(), one3.clone() );
+        var target = new THREE.Vector3();
 
-        ok( a.clampPoint( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 0 ) ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
-        ok( a.clampPoint( new THREE.Vector3( 1, 1, 1 ) ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
-        ok( a.clampPoint( new THREE.Vector3( -1, -1, -1 ) ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.clampPoint( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 0 ), target ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.clampPoint( new THREE.Vector3( 1, 1, 1 ), target ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.clampPoint( new THREE.Vector3( -1, -1, -1 ), target ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
 
-        ok( b.clampPoint( new THREE.Vector3( 2, 2, 2 ) ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( 1, 1, 1 ) ), "Passed!" );
-        ok( b.clampPoint( new THREE.Vector3( 1, 1, 1 ) ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( 1, 1, 1 ) ), "Passed!" );
-        ok( b.clampPoint( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 0 ) ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
-        ok( b.clampPoint( new THREE.Vector3( -1, -1, -1 ) ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( -1, -1, -1 ) ), "Passed!" );
-        ok( b.clampPoint( new THREE.Vector3( -2, -2, -2 ) ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( -1, -1, -1 ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( b.clampPoint( new THREE.Vector3( 2, 2, 2 ), target ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( 1, 1, 1 ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( b.clampPoint( new THREE.Vector3( 1, 1, 1 ), target ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( 1, 1, 1 ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( b.clampPoint( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 0 ), target ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( b.clampPoint( new THREE.Vector3( -1, -1, -1 ), target ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( -1, -1, -1 ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( b.clampPoint( new THREE.Vector3( -2, -2, -2 ), target ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( -1, -1, -1 ) ), "Passed!" );
     });
 
     test( "distanceToPoint", function() {
@@ -491,10 +503,11 @@ declare function equal<T>(a: T, b: T, desc?: string): void;
         var a = new THREE.Box3( zero3.clone(), zero3.clone() );
         var b = new THREE.Box3( zero3.clone(), one3.clone() );
         var c = new THREE.Box3( one3.clone().negate(), one3.clone() );
+        var target = new THREE.Sphere();
 
-        ok( a.getBoundingSphere().equals( new THREE.Sphere( zero3, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
-        ok( b.getBoundingSphere().equals( new THREE.Sphere( one3.clone().multiplyScalar( 0.5 ), Math.sqrt( 3 ) * 0.5 ) ), "Passed!" );
-        ok( c.getBoundingSphere().equals( new THREE.Sphere( zero3, Math.sqrt( 12 ) * 0.5 ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getBoundingSphere( target ).equals( new THREE.Sphere( zero3, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( b.getBoundingSphere( target ).equals( new THREE.Sphere( one3.clone().multiplyScalar( 0.5 ), Math.sqrt( 3 ) * 0.5 ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( c.getBoundingSphere( target ).equals( new THREE.Sphere( zero3, Math.sqrt( 12 ) * 0.5 ) ), "Passed!" );
     });
 
     test( "intersect", function() {
@@ -1080,34 +1093,36 @@ declare function equal<T>(a: T, b: T, desc?: string): void;
 
     test( "at", function() {
         var a = new THREE.Line3( one3.clone(), new THREE.Vector3( 1, 1, 2 ) );
+        var target = new THREE.Vector3();
 
-        ok( a.at( -1 ).distanceTo( new THREE.Vector3( 1, 1, 0 ) ) < 0.0001, "Passed!" );
-        ok( a.at( 0 ).distanceTo( one3.clone() ) < 0.0001, "Passed!" );
-        ok( a.at( 1 ).distanceTo( new THREE.Vector3( 1, 1, 2 ) ) < 0.0001, "Passed!" );
-        ok( a.at( 2 ).distanceTo( new THREE.Vector3( 1, 1, 3 ) ) < 0.0001, "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.at( -1, target ).distanceTo( new THREE.Vector3( 1, 1, 0 ) ) < 0.0001, "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.at( 0, target ).distanceTo( one3.clone() ) < 0.0001, "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.at( 1, target ).distanceTo( new THREE.Vector3( 1, 1, 2 ) ) < 0.0001, "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.at( 2, target ).distanceTo( new THREE.Vector3( 1, 1, 3 ) ) < 0.0001, "Passed!" );
     });
 
     test( "closestPointToPoint/closestPointToPointParameter", function() {
         var a = new THREE.Line3( one3.clone(), new THREE.Vector3( 1, 1, 2 ) );
+        var target = new THREE.Vector3();
 
         // nearby the ray
         ok( a.closestPointToPointParameter( zero3.clone(), true ) == 0, "Passed!" );
-        var b1 = a.closestPointToPoint( zero3.clone(), true );
+        var b1 = a.closestPointToPoint( zero3.clone(), true, target );
         ok( b1.distanceTo( new THREE.Vector3( 1, 1, 1 ) ) < 0.0001, "Passed!" );
 
         // nearby the ray
         ok( a.closestPointToPointParameter( zero3.clone(), false ) == -1, "Passed!" );
-        var b2 = a.closestPointToPoint( zero3.clone(), false );
+        var b2 = a.closestPointToPoint( zero3.clone(), false, target );
         ok( b2.distanceTo( new THREE.Vector3( 1, 1, 0 ) ) < 0.0001, "Passed!" );
 
         // nearby the ray
         ok( a.closestPointToPointParameter( new THREE.Vector3( 1, 1, 5 ), true ) == 1, "Passed!" );
-        var b = a.closestPointToPoint( new THREE.Vector3( 1, 1, 5 ), true );
+        var b = a.closestPointToPoint( new THREE.Vector3( 1, 1, 5 ), true, target );
         ok( b.distanceTo( new THREE.Vector3( 1, 1, 2 ) ) < 0.0001, "Passed!" );
 
         // exactly on the ray
         ok( a.closestPointToPointParameter( one3.clone(), true ) == 0, "Passed!" );
-        var c = a.closestPointToPoint( one3.clone(), true );
+        var c = a.closestPointToPoint( one3.clone(), true, target );
         ok( c.distanceTo( one3.clone() ) < 0.0001, "Passed!" );
     });
 
@@ -1752,7 +1767,7 @@ declare function equal<T>(a: T, b: T, desc?: string): void;
         var a = new THREE.Plane( new THREE.Vector3( 2, 0, 0 ), -2 );
 
         a.normalize();
-        ok( a.distanceToPoint( a.projectPoint( zero3.clone() ) ) === 0, "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.distanceToPoint( a.projectPoint( zero3.clone(), new THREE.Vector3() ) ) === 0, "Passed!" );
         ok( a.distanceToPoint( new THREE.Vector3( 4, 0, 0 ) ) === 3, "Passed!" );
     });
 
@@ -1771,54 +1786,57 @@ declare function equal<T>(a: T, b: T, desc?: string): void;
 
     test( "isInterestionLine/intersectLine", function() {
         var a = new THREE.Plane( new THREE.Vector3( 1, 0, 0 ), 0 );
+        var target = new THREE.Vector3();
 
         var l1 = new THREE.Line3( new THREE.Vector3( -10, 0, 0 ), new THREE.Vector3( 10, 0, 0 ) );
         ok( a.intersectsLine( l1 ), "Passed!" );
-        ok( a.intersectLine( l1 ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.intersectLine( l1, target ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
 
         a = new THREE.Plane( new THREE.Vector3( 1, 0, 0 ), -3 );
 
         ok( a.intersectsLine( l1 ), "Passed!" );
-        ok( a.intersectLine( l1 ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( 3, 0, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.intersectLine( l1, target ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( 3, 0, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
 
 
         a = new THREE.Plane( new THREE.Vector3( 1, 0, 0 ), -11 );
 
         ok( ! a.intersectsLine( l1 ), "Passed!" );
-        ok( a.intersectLine( l1 ) === undefined, "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.intersectLine( l1, target ) === undefined, "Passed!" );
 
         a = new THREE.Plane( new THREE.Vector3( 1, 0, 0 ), 11 );
 
         ok( ! a.intersectsLine( l1 ), "Passed!" );
-        ok( a.intersectLine( l1 ) === undefined, "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.intersectLine( l1, target ) === undefined, "Passed!" );
 
     });
 
     test( "projectPoint", function() {
         var a = new THREE.Plane( new THREE.Vector3( 1, 0, 0 ), 0 );
+        var target = new THREE.Vector3();
 
-        ok( a.projectPoint( new THREE.Vector3( 10, 0, 0 ) ).equals( zero3 ), "Passed!" );
-        ok( a.projectPoint( new THREE.Vector3( -10, 0, 0 ) ).equals( zero3 ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.projectPoint( new THREE.Vector3( 10, 0, 0 ), target ).equals( zero3 ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.projectPoint( new THREE.Vector3( -10, 0, 0 ), target ).equals( zero3 ), "Passed!" );
 
         a = new THREE.Plane( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 1, 0 ), -1 );
-        ok( a.projectPoint( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 0 ) ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 1, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
-        ok( a.projectPoint( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 1, 0 ) ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 1, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.projectPoint( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 0 ), target ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 1, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.projectPoint( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 1, 0 ), target ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 1, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
 
     });
 
     test( "orthoPoint", function() {
         var a = new THREE.Plane( new THREE.Vector3( 1, 0, 0 ), 0 );
+        var target = new THREE.Vector3();
 
-        ok( a.orthoPoint( new THREE.Vector3( 10, 0, 0 ) ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( 10, 0, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
-        ok( a.orthoPoint( new THREE.Vector3( -10, 0, 0 ) ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( -10, 0, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.orthoPoint( new THREE.Vector3( 10, 0, 0 ), target ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( 10, 0, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.orthoPoint( new THREE.Vector3( -10, 0, 0 ), target ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( -10, 0, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
     });
 
     test( "coplanarPoint", function() {
         var a = new THREE.Plane( new THREE.Vector3( 1, 0, 0 ), 0 );
-        ok( a.distanceToPoint( a.coplanarPoint() ) === 0, "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.distanceToPoint( a.coplanarPoint( new THREE.Vector3() ) ) === 0, "Passed!" );
 
         a = new THREE.Plane( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 1, 0 ), -1 );
-        ok( a.distanceToPoint( a.coplanarPoint() ) === 0, "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.distanceToPoint( a.coplanarPoint( new THREE.Vector3() ) ) === 0, "Passed!" );
     });
 
     test( "applyMatrix4/translate", function() {
@@ -2080,10 +2098,11 @@ declare function equal<T>(a: T, b: T, desc?: string): void;
 
     test( "at", function() {
         var a = new THREE.Ray( one3.clone(), new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 1 ) );
+        var target = new THREE.Vector3();
 
-        ok( a.at( 0 ).equals( one3 ), "Passed!" );
-        ok( a.at( -1 ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( 1, 1, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
-        ok( a.at( 1 ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( 1, 1, 2 ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.at( 0, target ).equals( one3 ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.at( -1, target ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( 1, 1, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.at( 1, target ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( 1, 1, 2 ) ), "Passed!" );
     });
 
     test( "recast/clone", function() {
@@ -2106,17 +2125,18 @@ declare function equal<T>(a: T, b: T, desc?: string): void;
 
     test( "closestPointToPoint", function() {
         var a = new THREE.Ray( one3.clone(), new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 1 ) );
+        var target = new THREE.Vector3();
 
         // behind the ray
-        var b = a.closestPointToPoint( zero3 );
+        var b = a.closestPointToPoint( zero3, target );
         ok( b.equals( one3 ), "Passed!" );
 
         // front of the ray
-        var c = a.closestPointToPoint( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 50 ) );
+        var c = a.closestPointToPoint( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 50 ), target );
         ok( c.equals( new THREE.Vector3( 1, 1, 50 ) ), "Passed!" );
 
         // exactly on the ray
-        var d = a.closestPointToPoint( one3 );
+        var d = a.closestPointToPoint( one3, target );
         ok( d.equals( one3 ), "Passed!" );
     });
 
@@ -2159,34 +2179,35 @@ declare function equal<T>(a: T, b: T, desc?: string): void;
         var a0 = new THREE.Ray( zero3.clone(), new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, -1 ) );
         // ray a1 origin located at ( 1, 1, 1 ) and points left in negative-x direction
         var a1 = new THREE.Ray( one3.clone(), new THREE.Vector3( -1, 0, 0 ) );
+        var target = new THREE.Vector3();
 
         // sphere (radius of 2) located behind ray a0, should result in null
         var b = new THREE.Sphere( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 3 ), 2 );
-        ok( a0.intersectSphere( b ) === null, "Passed!" );
+        ok( a0.intersectSphere( b, target ) === null, "Passed!" );
 
         // sphere (radius of 2) located in front of, but too far right of ray a0, should result in null
         var b = new THREE.Sphere( new THREE.Vector3( 3, 0, -1 ), 2 );
-        ok( a0.intersectSphere( b ) === null, "Passed!" );
+        ok( a0.intersectSphere( b, target ) === null, "Passed!" );
 
         // sphere (radius of 2) located below ray a1, should result in null
         var b = new THREE.Sphere( new THREE.Vector3( 1, -2, 1 ), 2 );
-        ok( a1.intersectSphere( b ) === null, "Passed!" );
+        ok( a1.intersectSphere( b, target ) === null, "Passed!" );
 
         // sphere (radius of 1) located to the left of ray a1, should result in intersection at 0, 1, 1
         var b = new THREE.Sphere( new THREE.Vector3( -1, 1, 1 ), 1 );
-        ok( a1.intersectSphere( b ).distanceTo( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 1, 1 ) ) < TOL, "Passed!" );
+        ok( a1.intersectSphere( b, target ).distanceTo( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 1, 1 ) ) < TOL, "Passed!" );
 
         // sphere (radius of 1) located in front of ray a0, should result in intersection at 0, 0, -1
         var b = new THREE.Sphere( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, -2 ), 1 );
-        ok( a0.intersectSphere( b ).distanceTo( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, -1 ) ) < TOL, "Passed!" );
+        ok( a0.intersectSphere( b, target ).distanceTo( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, -1 ) ) < TOL, "Passed!" );
 
         // sphere (radius of 2) located in front & right of ray a0, should result in intersection at 0, 0, -1, or left-most edge of sphere
         var b = new THREE.Sphere( new THREE.Vector3( 2, 0, -1 ), 2 );
-        ok( a0.intersectSphere( b ).distanceTo( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, -1 ) ) < TOL, "Passed!" );
+        ok( a0.intersectSphere( b, target ).distanceTo( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, -1 ) ) < TOL, "Passed!" );
 
         // same situation as above, but move the sphere a fraction more to the right, and ray a0 should now just miss
         var b = new THREE.Sphere( new THREE.Vector3( 2.01, 0, -1 ), 2 );
-        ok( a0.intersectSphere( b ) === null, "Passed!" );
+        ok( a0.intersectSphere( b, target ) === null, "Passed!" );
 
         // following tests are for situations where the ray origin is inside the sphere
 
@@ -2194,19 +2215,19 @@ declare function equal<T>(a: T, b: T, desc?: string): void;
         // is behind ray a0.  Therefore, second exit point on back of sphere will be returned: 0, 0, -1
         // thus keeping the intersection point always in front of the ray.
         var b = new THREE.Sphere( zero3.clone(), 1 );
-        ok( a0.intersectSphere( b ).distanceTo( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, -1 ) ) < TOL, "Passed!" );
+        ok( a0.intersectSphere( b, target ).distanceTo( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, -1 ) ) < TOL, "Passed!" );
 
         // sphere (radius of 4) center located behind ray a0 origin / sphere surrounds the ray origin, so the first intersect point 0, 0, 5,
         // is behind ray a0.  Therefore, second exit point on back of sphere will be returned: 0, 0, -3
         // thus keeping the intersection point always in front of the ray.
         var b = new THREE.Sphere( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 1 ), 4 );
-        ok( a0.intersectSphere( b ).distanceTo( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, -3 ) ) < TOL, "Passed!" );
+        ok( a0.intersectSphere( b, target ).distanceTo( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, -3 ) ) < TOL, "Passed!" );
 
         // sphere (radius of 4) center located in front of ray a0 origin / sphere surrounds the ray origin, so the first intersect point 0, 0, 3,
         // is behind ray a0.  Therefore, second exit point on back of sphere will be returned: 0, 0, -5
         // thus keeping the intersection point always in front of the ray.
         var b = new THREE.Sphere( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, -1 ), 4 );
-        ok( a0.intersectSphere( b ).distanceTo( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, -5 ) ) < TOL, "Passed!" );
+        ok( a0.intersectSphere( b, target ).distanceTo( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, -5 ) ) < TOL, "Passed!" );
 
     });
 
@@ -2236,26 +2257,27 @@ declare function equal<T>(a: T, b: T, desc?: string): void;
 
     test( "intersectPlane", function() {
         var a = new THREE.Ray( one3.clone(), new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 1 ) );
+        var target = new THREE.Vector3();
 
         // parallel plane behind
         var b = new THREE.Plane().setFromNormalAndCoplanarPoint( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 1 ), new THREE.Vector3( 1, 1, -1 ) );
-        ok( a.intersectPlane( b ) === null, "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.intersectPlane( b, target ) === null, "Passed!" );
 
         // parallel plane coincident with origin
         var c = new THREE.Plane().setFromNormalAndCoplanarPoint( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 1 ), new THREE.Vector3( 1, 1, 0 ) );
-        ok( a.intersectPlane( c ) === null, "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.intersectPlane( c, target ) === null, "Passed!" );
 
         // parallel plane infront
         var d = new THREE.Plane().setFromNormalAndCoplanarPoint( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 1 ), new THREE.Vector3( 1, 1, 1 ) );
-        ok( a.intersectPlane( d ).equals( a.origin ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.intersectPlane( d, target ).equals( a.origin ), "Passed!" );
 
         // perpendical ray that overlaps exactly
         var e = new THREE.Plane().setFromNormalAndCoplanarPoint( new THREE.Vector3( 1, 0, 0 ), one3 );
-        ok( a.intersectPlane( e ).equals( a.origin ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.intersectPlane( e, target ).equals( a.origin ), "Passed!" );
 
         // perpendical ray that doesn't overlap
         var f = new THREE.Plane().setFromNormalAndCoplanarPoint( new THREE.Vector3( 1, 0, 0 ), zero3 );
-        ok( a.intersectPlane( f ) === null, "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.intersectPlane( f, target ) === null, "Passed!" );
     });
 
 
@@ -2324,36 +2346,37 @@ declare function equal<T>(a: T, b: T, desc?: string): void;
         var TOL = 0.0001;
 
         var box = new THREE.Box3( new THREE.Vector3(  -1, -1, -1 ), new THREE.Vector3( 1, 1, 1 ) );
+        var target = new THREE.Vector3();
 
         var a = new THREE.Ray( new THREE.Vector3( -2, 0, 0 ), new THREE.Vector3( 1, 0, 0) );
         //ray should intersect box at -1,0,0
         ok( a.intersectsBox(box) === true, "Passed!" );
-        ok( a.intersectBox(box).distanceTo( new THREE.Vector3( -1, 0, 0 ) ) < TOL, "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.intersectBox(box, target).distanceTo( new THREE.Vector3( -1, 0, 0 ) ) < TOL, "Passed!" );
 
         var b = new THREE.Ray( new THREE.Vector3( -2, 0, 0 ), new THREE.Vector3( -1, 0, 0) );
         //ray is point away from box, it should not intersect
         ok( b.intersectsBox(box) === false, "Passed!" );
-        ok( b.intersectBox(box) === null, "Passed!" );
+        ok( b.intersectBox(box, target) === null, "Passed!" );
 
         var c = new THREE.Ray( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 0 ), new THREE.Vector3( 1, 0, 0) );
         // ray is inside box, should return exit point
         ok( c.intersectsBox(box) === true, "Passed!" );
-        ok( c.intersectBox(box).distanceTo( new THREE.Vector3( 1, 0, 0 ) ) < TOL, "Passed!" );
+        ok( c.intersectBox(box, target).distanceTo( new THREE.Vector3( 1, 0, 0 ) ) < TOL, "Passed!" );
 
         var d = new THREE.Ray( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 2, 1 ), new THREE.Vector3( 0, -1, -1).normalize() );
         //tilted ray should intersect box at 0,1,0
         ok( d.intersectsBox(box) === true, "Passed!" );
-        ok( d.intersectBox(box).distanceTo( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 1, 0 ) ) < TOL, "Passed!" );
+        ok( d.intersectBox(box, target).distanceTo( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 1, 0 ) ) < TOL, "Passed!" );
 
         var e = new THREE.Ray( new THREE.Vector3( 1, -2, 1 ), new THREE.Vector3( 0, 1, 0).normalize() );
         //handle case where ray is coplanar with one of the boxes side - box in front of ray
         ok( e.intersectsBox(box) === true, "Passed!" );
-        ok( e.intersectBox(box).distanceTo( new THREE.Vector3( 1, -1, 1 ) ) < TOL, "Passed!" );
+        ok( e.intersectBox(box, target).distanceTo( new THREE.Vector3( 1, -1, 1 ) ) < TOL, "Passed!" );
 
         var f = new THREE.Ray( new THREE.Vector3( 1, -2, 0 ), new THREE.Vector3( 0, -1, 0).normalize() );
         //handle case where ray is coplanar with one of the boxes side - box behind ray
         ok( f.intersectsBox(box) === false, "Passed!" );
-        ok( f.intersectBox(box) == null, "Passed!" );
+        ok( f.intersectBox(box, target) == null, "Passed!" );
 
     });
 
@@ -2425,18 +2448,20 @@ declare function equal<T>(a: T, b: T, desc?: string): void;
 
     test( "clampPoint", function() {
         var a = new THREE.Sphere( one3.clone(), 1 );
+        var target = new THREE.Vector3();
 
-        ok( a.clampPoint( new THREE.Vector3( 1, 1, 3 ) ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( 1, 1, 2 ) ), "Passed!" );
-        ok( a.clampPoint( new THREE.Vector3( 1, 1, -3 ) ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( 1, 1, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.clampPoint( new THREE.Vector3( 1, 1, 3 ), target ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( 1, 1, 2 ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.clampPoint( new THREE.Vector3( 1, 1, -3 ), target ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( 1, 1, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
     });
 
     test( "getBoundingBox", function() {
         var a = new THREE.Sphere( one3.clone(), 1 );
+        var target = new THREE.Box3();
 
-        ok( a.getBoundingBox().equals( new THREE.Box3( zero3, two3 ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getBoundingBox( target ).equals( new THREE.Box3( zero3, two3 ) ), "Passed!" );
 
         a.set( zero3, 0 )
-        ok( a.getBoundingBox().equals( new THREE.Box3( zero3, zero3 ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getBoundingBox( target ).equals( new THREE.Box3( zero3, zero3 ) ), "Passed!" );
     });
 
     test( "applyMatrix4", function() {
@@ -2444,7 +2469,7 @@ declare function equal<T>(a: T, b: T, desc?: string): void;
 
         var m = new THREE.Matrix4().makeTranslation( 1, -2, 1 );
 
-        ok( a.clone().applyMatrix4( m ).getBoundingBox().equals( a.getBoundingBox().applyMatrix4( m ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.clone().applyMatrix4( m ).getBoundingBox( new THREE.Box3() ).equals( a.getBoundingBox( new THREE.Box3() ).applyMatrix4( m ) ), "Passed!" );
     });
 
     test( "translate", function() {
@@ -2505,88 +2530,92 @@ declare function equal<T>(a: T, b: T, desc?: string): void;
 
     });
 
-    test( "area", function() {
+    test( "getArea", function() {
         var a = new THREE.Triangle();
 
-        ok( a.area() == 0, "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getArea() == 0, "Passed!" );
 
         a = new THREE.Triangle( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 0 ), new THREE.Vector3( 1, 0, 0 ), new THREE.Vector3( 0, 1, 0 ) );
-        ok( a.area() == 0.5, "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getArea() == 0.5, "Passed!" );
 
         a = new THREE.Triangle( new THREE.Vector3( 2, 0, 0 ), new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 0 ), new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 2 ) );
-        ok( a.area() == 2, "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getArea() == 2, "Passed!" );
 
         // colinear triangle.
         a = new THREE.Triangle( new THREE.Vector3( 2, 0, 0 ), new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 0 ), new THREE.Vector3( 3, 0, 0 ) );
-        ok( a.area() == 0, "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getArea() == 0, "Passed!" );
     });
 
-    test( "midpoint", function() {
+    test( "getMidpoint", function() {
         var a = new THREE.Triangle();
+        var target = new THREE.Vector3();
 
-        ok( a.midpoint().equals( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getMidpoint( target ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
 
         a = new THREE.Triangle( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 0 ), new THREE.Vector3( 1, 0, 0 ), new THREE.Vector3( 0, 1, 0 ) );
-        ok( a.midpoint().equals( new THREE.Vector3( 1/3, 1/3, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getMidpoint( target ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( 1/3, 1/3, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
 
         a = new THREE.Triangle( new THREE.Vector3( 2, 0, 0 ), new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 0 ), new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 2 ) );
-        ok( a.midpoint().equals( new THREE.Vector3( 2/3, 0, 2/3 ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getMidpoint( target ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( 2/3, 0, 2/3 ) ), "Passed!" );
     });
 
-    test( "normal", function() {
+    test( "getNormal", function() {
         var a = new THREE.Triangle();
+        var target = new THREE.Vector3();
 
-        ok( a.normal().equals( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getNormal( target ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
 
         a = new THREE.Triangle( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 0 ), new THREE.Vector3( 1, 0, 0 ), new THREE.Vector3( 0, 1, 0 ) );
-        ok( a.normal().equals( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 1 ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getNormal( target ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 1 ) ), "Passed!" );
 
         a = new THREE.Triangle( new THREE.Vector3( 2, 0, 0 ), new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 0 ), new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 2 ) );
-        ok( a.normal().equals( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 1, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getNormal( target ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 1, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
     });
 
-    test( "plane", function() {
+    test( "getPlane", function() {
         var a = new THREE.Triangle();
+        var target = new THREE.Vector3();
 
         // artificial normal is created in this case.
-        ok( a.plane().distanceToPoint( a.a ) == 0, "Passed!" );
-        ok( a.plane().distanceToPoint( a.b ) == 0, "Passed!" );
-        ok( a.plane().distanceToPoint( a.c ) == 0, "Passed!" );
-        ok( a.plane().normal.equals( a.normal() ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getPlane( target ).distanceToPoint( a.a ) == 0, "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getPlane( target ).distanceToPoint( a.b ) == 0, "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getPlane( target ).distanceToPoint( a.c ) == 0, "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getPlane( target ).normal.equals( a.getNormal( new THREE.Vector3() ) ), "Passed!" );
 
         a = new THREE.Triangle( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 0 ), new THREE.Vector3( 1, 0, 0 ), new THREE.Vector3( 0, 1, 0 ) );
-        ok( a.plane().distanceToPoint( a.a ) == 0, "Passed!" );
-        ok( a.plane().distanceToPoint( a.b ) == 0, "Passed!" );
-        ok( a.plane().distanceToPoint( a.c ) == 0, "Passed!" );
-        ok( a.plane().normal.equals( a.normal() ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getPlane( target ).distanceToPoint( a.a ) == 0, "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getPlane( target ).distanceToPoint( a.b ) == 0, "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getPlane( target ).distanceToPoint( a.c ) == 0, "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getPlane( target ).normal.equals( a.getNormal( new THREE.Vector3() ) ), "Passed!" );
 
         a = new THREE.Triangle( new THREE.Vector3( 2, 0, 0 ), new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 0 ), new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 2 ) );
-        ok( a.plane().distanceToPoint( a.a ) == 0, "Passed!" );
-        ok( a.plane().distanceToPoint( a.b ) == 0, "Passed!" );
-        ok( a.plane().distanceToPoint( a.c ) == 0, "Passed!" );
-        ok( a.plane().normal.clone().normalize().equals( a.normal() ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getPlane( target ).distanceToPoint( a.a ) == 0, "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getPlane( target ).distanceToPoint( a.b ) == 0, "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getPlane( target ).distanceToPoint( a.c ) == 0, "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getPlane( target ).normal.clone().normalize().equals( a.getNormal( new THREE.Vector3() ) ), "Passed!" );
     });
 
-    test( "barycoordFromPoint", function() {
+    test( "getBarycoord", function() {
         var a = new THREE.Triangle();
+        var target = new THREE.Vector3();
 
         var bad = new THREE.Vector3( -2, -1, -1 );
 
-        ok( a.barycoordFromPoint( a.a ).equals( bad ), "Passed!" );
-        ok( a.barycoordFromPoint( a.b ).equals( bad ), "Passed!" );
-        ok( a.barycoordFromPoint( a.c ).equals( bad ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getBarycoord( a.a, target ).equals( bad ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getBarycoord( a.b, target ).equals( bad ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getBarycoord( a.c, target ).equals( bad ), "Passed!" );
 
         a = new THREE.Triangle( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 0 ), new THREE.Vector3( 1, 0, 0 ), new THREE.Vector3( 0, 1, 0 ) );
-        ok( a.barycoordFromPoint( a.a ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( 1, 0, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
-        ok( a.barycoordFromPoint( a.b ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 1, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
-        ok( a.barycoordFromPoint( a.c ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 1 ) ), "Passed!" );
-        ok( a.barycoordFromPoint( a.midpoint() ).distanceTo( new THREE.Vector3( 1/3, 1/3, 1/3 ) ) < 0.0001, "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getBarycoord( a.a, target ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( 1, 0, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getBarycoord( a.b, target ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 1, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getBarycoord( a.c, target ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 1 ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getBarycoord( a.getMidpoint( new THREE.Vector3() ), target ).distanceTo( new THREE.Vector3( 1/3, 1/3, 1/3 ) ) < 0.0001, "Passed!" );
 
         a = new THREE.Triangle( new THREE.Vector3( 2, 0, 0 ), new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 0 ), new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 2 ) );
-        ok( a.barycoordFromPoint( a.a ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( 1, 0, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
-        ok( a.barycoordFromPoint( a.b ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 1, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
-        ok( a.barycoordFromPoint( a.c ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 1 ) ), "Passed!" );
-        ok( a.barycoordFromPoint( a.midpoint() ).distanceTo( new THREE.Vector3( 1/3, 1/3, 1/3 ) ) < 0.0001, "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getBarycoord( a.a, target ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( 1, 0, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getBarycoord( a.b, target ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 1, 0 ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getBarycoord( a.c, target ).equals( new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 1 ) ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.getBarycoord( a.getMidpoint( new THREE.Vector3() ), target ).distanceTo( new THREE.Vector3( 1/3, 1/3, 1/3 ) ) < 0.0001, "Passed!" );
     });
 
     test( "containsPoint", function() {
@@ -2600,14 +2629,14 @@ declare function equal<T>(a: T, b: T, desc?: string): void;
         ok( a.containsPoint( a.a ), "Passed!" );
         ok( a.containsPoint( a.b ), "Passed!" );
         ok( a.containsPoint( a.c ), "Passed!" );
-        ok( a.containsPoint( a.midpoint() ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.containsPoint( a.getMidpoint( new THREE.Vector3() ) ), "Passed!" );
         ok( ! a.containsPoint( new THREE.Vector3( -1, -1, -1 ) ), "Passed!" );
 
         a = new THREE.Triangle( new THREE.Vector3( 2, 0, 0 ), new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 0 ), new THREE.Vector3( 0, 0, 2 ) );
         ok( a.containsPoint( a.a ), "Passed!" );
         ok( a.containsPoint( a.b ), "Passed!" );
         ok( a.containsPoint( a.c ), "Passed!" );
-        ok( a.containsPoint( a.midpoint() ), "Passed!" );
+        ok( a.containsPoint( a.getMidpoint( new THREE.Vector3() ) ), "Passed!" );
         ok( ! a.containsPoint( new THREE.Vector3( -1, -1, -1 ) ), "Passed!" );
     });
 
diff --git a/types/three/three-core.d.ts b/types/three/three-core.d.ts
index 4acd40fdff..61f97daddd 100644
--- a/types/three/three-core.d.ts
+++ b/types/three/three-core.d.ts
@@ -448,7 +448,7 @@ export class Camera extends Object3D {
      */
     projectionMatrix: Matrix4;
 
-    getWorldDirection(optionalTarget?: Vector3): Vector3;
+    getWorldDirection(target: Vector3): Vector3;
 
 }
 
@@ -687,7 +687,6 @@ export class BufferAttribute {
     copyAt(index1: number, attribute: BufferAttribute, index2: number): BufferAttribute;
     copyArray(array: ArrayLike<number>): BufferAttribute;
     copyColorsArray(colors: {r: number, g: number, b: number}[]): BufferAttribute;
-    copyIndicesArray(indices: {a: number, b: number, c: number}[]): BufferAttribute;
     copyVector2sArray(vectors: {x: number, y: number}[]): BufferAttribute;
     copyVector3sArray(vectors: {x: number, y: number, z: number}[]): BufferAttribute;
     copyVector4sArray(vectors: {x: number, y: number, z: number, w: number}[]): BufferAttribute;
@@ -868,7 +867,7 @@ export class BufferGeometry extends EventDispatcher {
     scale(x: number, y: number, z: number): BufferGeometry;
     lookAt(v: Vector3): void;
 
-    center(): Vector3;
+    center(): BufferGeometry;
 
     setFromObject(object: Object3D): BufferGeometry;
     setFromPoints(points: Vector3[]): BufferGeometry;
@@ -1343,7 +1342,7 @@ export class Geometry extends EventDispatcher {
 
     fromBufferGeometry(geometry: BufferGeometry): Geometry;
 
-    center(): Vector3;
+    center(): Geometry;
 
     normalize(): Geometry;
 
@@ -1368,8 +1367,6 @@ export class Geometry extends EventDispatcher {
      */
     computeMorphNormals(): void;
 
-    computeLineDistances(): void;
-
     /**
      * Computes bounding box of the geometry, updating {@link Geometry.boundingBox} attribute.
      */
@@ -1782,11 +1779,10 @@ export class Object3D extends EventDispatcher {
 
     getObjectByProperty( name: string, value: string ): Object3D;
 
-    getWorldPosition(optionalTarget?: Vector3): Vector3;
-    getWorldQuaternion(optionalTarget?: Quaternion): Quaternion;
-    getWorldRotation(optionalTarget?: Euler): Euler;
-    getWorldScale(optionalTarget?: Vector3): Vector3;
-    getWorldDirection(optionalTarget?: Vector3): Vector3;
+    getWorldPosition(target: Vector3): Vector3;
+    getWorldQuaternion(target: Quaternion): Quaternion;
+    getWorldScale(target: Vector3): Vector3;
+    getWorldDirection(target: Vector3): Vector3;
 
     raycast(raycaster: Raycaster, intersects: any): void;
 
@@ -3088,8 +3084,8 @@ export class Box2 {
     copy(box: this): this;
     makeEmpty(): Box2;
     isEmpty(): boolean;
-    getCenter(optionalTarget?: Vector2): Vector2;
-    getSize(optionalTarget?: Vector2): Vector2;
+    getCenter(target: Vector2): Vector2;
+    getSize(target: Vector2): Vector2;
     expandByPoint(point: Vector2): Box2;
     expandByVector(vector: Vector2): Box2;
     expandByScalar(scalar: number): Box2;
@@ -3097,7 +3093,7 @@ export class Box2 {
     containsBox(box: Box2): boolean;
     getParameter(point: Vector2): Vector2;
     intersectsBox(box: Box2): boolean;
-    clampPoint(point: Vector2, optionalTarget?: Vector2): Vector2;
+    clampPoint(point: Vector2, target: Vector2): Vector2;
     distanceToPoint(point: Vector2): number;
     intersect(box: Box2): Box2;
     union(box: Box2): Box2;
@@ -3128,8 +3124,8 @@ export class Box3 {
     copy(box: this): this;
     makeEmpty(): Box3;
     isEmpty(): boolean;
-    getCenter(optionalTarget?: Vector3): Vector3;
-    getSize(optionalTarget?: Vector3): Vector3;
+    getCenter(target: Vector3): Vector3;
+    getSize(target: Vector3): Vector3;
     expandByPoint(point: Vector3): Box3;
     expandByVector(vector: Vector3): Box3;
     expandByScalar(scalar: number): Box3;
@@ -3140,9 +3136,9 @@ export class Box3 {
     intersectsBox(box: Box3): boolean;
     intersectsSphere(sphere: Sphere): boolean;
     intersectsPlane(plane: Plane): boolean;
-    clampPoint(point: Vector3, optionalTarget?: Vector3): Vector3;
+    clampPoint(point: Vector3, target: Vector3): Vector3;
     distanceToPoint(point: Vector3): number;
-    getBoundingSphere(optionalTarget?: Sphere): Sphere;
+    getBoundingSphere(target: Sphere): Sphere;
     intersect(box: Box3): Box3;
     union(box: Box3): Box3;
     applyMatrix4(matrix: Matrix4): Box3;
@@ -3499,13 +3495,13 @@ export class Line3 {
     set(start?: Vector3, end?: Vector3): Line3;
     clone(): this;
     copy(line: this): this;
-    getCenter(optionalTarget?: Vector3): Vector3;
-    delta(optionalTarget?: Vector3): Vector3;
+    getCenter(target: Vector3): Vector3;
+    delta(target: Vector3): Vector3;
     distanceSq(): number;
     distance(): number;
-    at(t: number, optionalTarget?: Vector3): Vector3;
+    at(t: number, target: Vector3): Vector3;
     closestPointToPointParameter(point: Vector3, clampToLine?: boolean): number;
-    closestPointToPoint(point: Vector3, clampToLine?: boolean, optionalTarget?: Vector3): Vector3;
+    closestPointToPoint(point: Vector3, clampToLine: boolean, target: Vector3): Vector3;
     applyMatrix4(matrix: Matrix4): Line3;
     equals(line: Line3): boolean;
 }
@@ -3943,12 +3939,12 @@ export class Plane {
     negate(): Plane;
     distanceToPoint(point: Vector3): number;
     distanceToSphere(sphere: Sphere): number;
-    projectPoint(point: Vector3, optionalTarget?: Vector3): Vector3;
-    orthoPoint(point: Vector3, optionalTarget?: Vector3): Vector3;
-    intersectLine(line: Line3, optionalTarget?: Vector3): Vector3;
+    projectPoint(point: Vector3, target: Vector3): Vector3;
+    orthoPoint(point: Vector3, target: Vector3): Vector3;
+    intersectLine(line: Line3, target: Vector3): Vector3;
     intersectsLine(line: Line3): boolean;
     intersectsBox(box: Box3): boolean;
-    coplanarPoint(optionalTarget?: Vector3): Vector3;
+    coplanarPoint(target: Vector3): Vector3;
     applyMatrix4(matrix: Matrix4, optionalNormalMatrix?: Matrix3): Plane;
     translate(offset: Vector3): Plane;
     equals(plane: Plane): boolean;
@@ -4106,21 +4102,21 @@ export class Ray {
     set(origin: Vector3, direction: Vector3): Ray;
     clone(): this;
     copy(ray: this): this;
-    at(t: number, optionalTarget?: Vector3): Vector3;
+    at(t: number, target: Vector3): Vector3;
     lookAt(v: Vector3): Vector3;
     recast(t: number): Ray;
-    closestPointToPoint(point: Vector3, optionalTarget?: Vector3): Vector3;
+    closestPointToPoint(point: Vector3, target: Vector3): Vector3;
     distanceToPoint(point: Vector3): number;
     distanceSqToPoint(point: Vector3): number;
     distanceSqToSegment(v0: Vector3, v1: Vector3, optionalPointOnRay?: Vector3, optionalPointOnSegment?: Vector3): number;
-    intersectSphere(sphere: Sphere, optionalTarget?: Vector3): Vector3;
+    intersectSphere(sphere: Sphere, target: Vector3): Vector3;
     intersectsSphere(sphere: Sphere): boolean;
     distanceToPlane(plane: Plane): number;
-    intersectPlane(plane: Plane, optionalTarget?: Vector3): Vector3;
+    intersectPlane(plane: Plane, target: Vector3): Vector3;
     intersectsPlane(plane: Plane): boolean;
-    intersectBox(box: Box3, optionalTarget?: Vector3): Vector3;
+    intersectBox(box: Box3, target: Vector3): Vector3;
     intersectsBox(box: Box3): boolean;
-    intersectTriangle(a: Vector3, b: Vector3, c: Vector3, backfaceCulling: boolean, optionalTarget?: Vector3): Vector3;
+    intersectTriangle(a: Vector3, b: Vector3, c: Vector3, backfaceCulling: boolean, target: Vector3): Vector3;
     applyMatrix4(matrix4: Matrix4): Ray;
     equals(ray: Ray): boolean;
 
@@ -4156,8 +4152,8 @@ export class Sphere {
     intersectsSphere(sphere: Sphere): boolean;
     intersectsBox(box: Box3): boolean;
     intersectsPlane(plane: Plane): boolean;
-    clampPoint(point: Vector3, optionalTarget?: Vector3): Vector3;
-    getBoundingBox(optionalTarget?: Box3): Box3;
+    clampPoint(point: Vector3, target: Vector3): Vector3;
+    getBoundingBox(target: Box3): Box3;
     applyMatrix4(matrix: Matrix4): Sphere;
     translate(offset: Vector3): Sphere;
     equals(sphere: Sphere): boolean;
@@ -4180,16 +4176,16 @@ export class Triangle {
     setFromPointsAndIndices(points: Vector3[], i0: number, i1: number, i2: number): Triangle;
     clone(): this;
     copy(triangle: this): this;
-    area(): number;
-    midpoint(optionalTarget?: Vector3): Vector3;
-    normal(optionalTarget?: Vector3): Vector3;
-    plane(optionalTarget?: Vector3): Plane;
-    barycoordFromPoint(point: Vector3, optionalTarget?: Vector3): Vector3;
+    getArea(): number;
+    getMidpoint(target: Vector3): Vector3;
+    getNormal(target: Vector3): Vector3;
+    getPlane(target: Vector3): Plane;
+    getBarycoord(point: Vector3, target: Vector3): Vector3;
     containsPoint(point: Vector3): boolean;
-    closestPointToPoint(point: Vector3, optionalTarget?: Vector3): Vector3;
+    closestPointToPoint(point: Vector3, target: Vector3): Vector3;
     equals(triangle: Triangle): boolean;
 
-    static normal(a: Vector3, b: Vector3, c: Vector3, optionalTarget?: Vector3): Vector3;
+    static normal(a: Vector3, b: Vector3, c: Vector3, target: Vector3): Vector3;
     static barycoordFromPoint(point: Vector3, a: Vector3, b: Vector3, c: Vector3, optionalTarget: Vector3): Vector3;
     static containsPoint(point: Vector3, a: Vector3, b: Vector3, c: Vector3): boolean;
 }
@@ -5285,7 +5281,6 @@ export class WebGLRenderer implements Renderer {
         };
         render: {
             calls: number;
-            vertices: number;
             faces: number;
             points: number;
         };
@@ -5399,13 +5394,6 @@ export class WebGLRenderer implements Renderer {
      */
     render(scene: Scene, camera: Camera, renderTarget?: RenderTarget, forceClear?: boolean): void;
 
-    /**
-     * Used for setting the gl frontFace, cullFace states in the GPU, thus enabling/disabling face culling when rendering.
-     * If cullFace is false, culling will be disabled.
-     * @param cullFace "back", "front", "front_and_back", or false.
-     * @param frontFace "ccw" or "cw
-     */
-    setFaceCulling(cullFace?: CullFace, frontFace?: FrontFaceDirection): void;
     /**
      * @deprecated
      */
@@ -5648,12 +5636,15 @@ export let ShaderChunk: {
     lightmap_fragment: string;
     lightmap_pars_fragment: string;
     lights_lambert_vertex: string;
-    lights_pars: string;
+    lights_pars_begin: string;
+    lights_pars_map: string;
     lights_phong_fragment: string;
     lights_phong_pars_fragment: string;
     lights_physical_fragment: string;
     lights_physical_pars_fragment: string;
-    lights_template: string;
+    lights_fragment_begin: string;
+    lights_fragment_maps: string;
+    lights_fragment_end: string;
     logdepthbuf_fragment: string;
     logdepthbuf_pars_fragment: string;
     logdepthbuf_pars_vertex: string;
@@ -5677,7 +5668,8 @@ export let ShaderChunk: {
     morphtarget_vertex: string;
     normal_flip: string;
     normal_frag: string;
-    normal_fragment: string;
+    normal_fragment_begin: string;
+    normal_fragment_maps: string;
     normal_vert: string;
     normalmap_pars_fragment: string;
     packing: string;
@@ -6034,8 +6026,6 @@ export class WebGLShadowMap {
     autoUpdate: boolean;
     needsUpdate: boolean;
     type: ShadowMapType;
-    renderReverseSided: boolean;
-    renderSingleSided: boolean;
 
     render(scene: Scene, camera: Camera): void;