diff --git a/src/wp-includes/default-filters.php b/src/wp-includes/default-filters.php
index 6babfb4785..1014a37b6d 100644
--- a/src/wp-includes/default-filters.php
+++ b/src/wp-includes/default-filters.php
@@ -233,6 +233,7 @@ add_filter( 'wp_mail', 'wp_staticize_emoji_for_email' );
 
 // Robots filters.
 add_filter( 'wp_robots', 'wp_robots_noindex' );
+add_filter( 'wp_robots', 'wp_robots_max_image_preview_large' );
 
 // Mark site as no longer fresh.
 foreach ( array( 'publish_post', 'publish_page', 'wp_ajax_save-widget', 'wp_ajax_widgets-order', 'customize_save_after' ) as $action ) {
diff --git a/src/wp-includes/robots-template.php b/src/wp-includes/robots-template.php
index 1b9292c975..dc425686c2 100644
--- a/src/wp-includes/robots-template.php
+++ b/src/wp-includes/robots-template.php
@@ -133,3 +133,25 @@ function wp_robots_sensitive_page( array $robots ) {
 	$robots['noarchive'] = true;
 	return $robots;
 }
+
+/**
+ * Adds 'max-image-preview:large' to the robots meta tag.
+ *
+ * This directive tells web robots that large image previews are allowed to be
+ * displayed, e.g. in search engines, unless the blog is marked as not being public.
+ *
+ * Typical usage is as a {@see 'wp_robots'} callback:
+ *
+ *     add_filter( 'wp_robots', 'wp_robots_max_image_preview_large' );
+ *
+ * @since 5.7.0
+ *
+ * @param array $robots Associative array of robots directives.
+ * @return array Filtered robots directives.
+ */
+function wp_robots_max_image_preview_large( array $robots ) {
+	if ( get_option( 'blog_public' ) ) {
+		$robots['max-image-preview'] = 'large';
+	}
+	return $robots;
+}
diff --git a/tests/phpunit/tests/robots.php b/tests/phpunit/tests/robots.php
index dc8f3964b8..8eb83281ec 100644
--- a/tests/phpunit/tests/robots.php
+++ b/tests/phpunit/tests/robots.php
@@ -161,6 +161,21 @@ class Tests_Robots extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 		$this->assertContains( "'noindex, noarchive'", $output );
 	}
 
+	/**
+	 * @ticket 51511
+	 */
+	public function test_wp_robots_max_image_preview_large() {
+		add_filter( 'wp_robots', 'wp_robots_max_image_preview_large' );
+
+		update_option( 'blog_public', '1' );
+		$output = get_echo( 'wp_robots' );
+		$this->assertContains( "'max-image-preview:large'", $output );
+
+		update_option( 'blog_public', '0' );
+		$output = get_echo( 'wp_robots' );
+		$this->assertEmpty( $output );
+	}
+
 	public function add_noindex_directive( array $robots ) {
 		$robots['noindex'] = true;
 		return $robots;